Bibliography

Where Concepts Come Apart

Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School to Examine the Definition of Brain Death (1968). "A Definition of Irreversible Coma." Journal of the American Medical Association 205(6): 337–340.

Alston, W. P. (1964). Philosophy of Language. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Anscombe, G. E. M. (1971). Causality and Determination: An Inaugural Lecture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Aristotle. Metaphysics; Nicomachean Ethics. In J. Barnes (ed.), The Complete Works of Aristotle, 2 vols. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984. Cited by Bekker page.

Austin, J. L. (1956). "Ifs and Cans." Proceedings of the British Academy 42: 109–132. Reprinted in Philosophical Papers, 3rd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979, 205–232. Cited by the reprint's pagination.

Ayer, A. J. (1954). "Freedom and Necessity." In Philosophical Essays. London: Macmillan.

Ballantyne, N. (2019). Knowing Our Limits. New York: Oxford University Press.

Bealer, G. (1998). "Intuition and the Autonomy of Philosophy." In M. DePaul and W. Ramsey (eds.), Rethinking Intuition: The Psychology of Intuition and Its Role in Philosophical Inquiry. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 201–239.

Beebee, H. (2004). "Causing and Nothingness." In J. Collins, N. Hall, and L. A. Paul (eds.), Causation and Counterfactuals. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 291–308.

Beebee, H. (2018). "Philosophical Scepticism and the Aims of Philosophy." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 118(1): 1–24.

Bengson, J. (2015). "The Intellectual Given." Mind 124(495): 707–760.

Berlin, I. (1958). Two Concepts of Liberty. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Reprinted in Four Essays on Liberty. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969.

Bird, A. (2007). "What Is Scientific Progress?" Noûs 41(1): 64–89.

Boolos, G. (1971). "The Iterative Conception of Set." Journal of Philosophy 68(8): 215–231.

Bourget, D., and Chalmers, D. J. (2014). "What Do Philosophers Believe?" Philosophical Studies 170(3): 465–500.

Bourget, D., and Chalmers, D. J. (2023). "Philosophers on Philosophy: The 2020 PhilPapers Survey." Philosophers' Imprint 23(11).

Brennan, J. (2010). "Scepticism about Philosophy." Ratio 23(1): 1–16.

Burgess, A., Cappelen, H., and Plunkett, D. (eds.) (2020). Conceptual Engineering and Conceptual Ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Burgess, A., and Plunkett, D. (2013). "Conceptual Ethics I" and "Conceptual Ethics II." Philosophy Compass 8(12): 1091–1101 and 1102–1110.

Butler, J. (1736). "Of Personal Identity." Dissertation I, appended to The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed. London.

Cappelen, H. (2012). Philosophy without Intuitions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cappelen, H. (2018). Fixing Language: An Essay on Conceptual Engineering. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Carnap, R. (1950a). Logical Foundations of Probability. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Carnap, R. (1950b). "Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology." Revue Internationale de Philosophie 4(11): 20–40.

Cartwright, N. (2004). "Causation: One Word, Many Things." Philosophy of Science 71(5): 805–819.

Caruso, G. D. (2021). Rejecting Retributivism: Free Will, Punishment, and Criminal Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Chalmers, D. J. (1995). "Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness." Journal of Consciousness Studies 2(3): 200–219.

Chalmers, D. J. (2011). "Verbal Disputes." Philosophical Review 120(4): 515–566.

Chalmers, D. J. (2015). "Why Isn't There More Progress in Philosophy?" Philosophy 90(1): 3–31.

Chisholm, R. M. (1976). Person and Object: A Metaphysical Study. La Salle, IL: Open Court.

Christensen, D. (2007). "Epistemology of Disagreement: The Good News." Philosophical Review 116(2): 187–217.

Chudnoff, E. (2013). Intuition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Church, A. (1936). "An Unsolvable Problem of Elementary Number Theory." American Journal of Mathematics 58(2): 345–363.

Cicero. On Fate (De Fato). Trans. R. W. Sharples. Warminster: Aris & Phillips, 1991.

Climenhaga, N. (2018). "Intuitions Are Used as Evidence in Philosophy." Mind 127(505): 69–104.

Cohen, S. (1988). "How to Be a Fallibilist." Philosophical Perspectives 2: 91–123.

Colaço, D., Buckwalter, W., Stich, S., and Machery, E. (2014). "Epistemic Intuitions in Fake-Barn Thought Experiments." Episteme 11(2): 199–212.

Craig, E. (1990). Knowledge and the State of Nature: An Essay in Conceptual Synthesis. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Cummins, R. (1975). "Functional Analysis." Journal of Philosophy 72(20): 741–765.

Dellsén, F. (2016). "Scientific Progress: Knowledge versus Understanding." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 56: 72–83.

Dellsén, F., Lawler, I., and Norton, J. (2022). "Thinking about Progress: From Science to Philosophy." Noûs 56(4): 814–840.

Dennett, D. C. (1984). Elbow Room: The Varieties of Free Will Worth Wanting. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

DeRose, K. (1992). "Contextualism and Knowledge Attributions." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 52(4): 913–929.

Deutsch, M. (2015). The Myth of the Intuitive: Experimental Philosophy and Philosophical Method. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Dietrich, E. (2011). "There Is No Progress in Philosophy." Essays in Philosophy 12(2): 329–344.

Dowe, P. (2000). Physical Causation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dresser, R. (1995). "Dworkin on Dementia: Elegant Theory, Questionable Policy." Hastings Center Report 25(6): 32–38.

Dworkin, R. (1986). Law's Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Dworkin, R. (1993). Life's Dominion: An Argument about Abortion, Euthanasia, and Individual Freedom. New York: Knopf.

Dworkin, R. (2011). Justice for Hedgehogs. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Eklund, M. (2002). "Inconsistent Languages." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 64(2): 251–275.

Elga, A. (2007). "Reflection and Disagreement." Noûs 41(3): 478–502.

Ereshefsky, M. (1998). "Species Pluralism and Anti-Realism." Philosophy of Science 65(1): 103–120.

Fantl, J., and McGrath, M. (2009). Knowledge in an Uncertain World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Feldman, R. (2006). "Epistemological Puzzles about Disagreement." In S. Hetherington (ed.), Epistemology Futures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 216–236.

Field, H. (1973). "Theory Change and the Indeterminacy of Reference." Journal of Philosophy 70(14): 462–481.

Fischer, J. M., and Ravizza, M. (1998). Responsibility and Control: A Theory of Moral Responsibility. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Foot, P. (1967). "The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect." Oxford Review 5: 5–15.

Frances, B. (2014). Disagreement. Cambridge: Polity.

Frankfurt, H. G. (1969). "Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility." Journal of Philosophy 66(23): 829–839.

Frankfurt, H. G. (1971). "Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person." Journal of Philosophy 68(1): 5–20.

Frege, G. (1892). "Über Sinn und Bedeutung." Zeitschrift für Philosophie und philosophische Kritik 100: 25–50.

Fricker, M. (2016). "What's the Point of Blame? A Paradigm Based Explanation." Noûs 50(1): 165–183.

Gallie, W. B. (1956). "Essentially Contested Concepts." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 56: 167–198.

Geirhos, R., Jacobsen, J.-H., Michaelis, C., Zemel, R., Brendel, W., Bethge, M., and Wichmann, F. A. (2020). "Shortcut Learning in Deep Neural Networks." Nature Machine Intelligence 2(11): 665–673.

Gettier, E. L. (1963). "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?" Analysis 23(6): 121–123.

Godfrey-Smith, P. (2009). "Causal Pluralism." In H. Beebee, C. Hitchcock, and P. Menzies (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Causation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 326–337.

Goldberg, S. (2013). "Defending Philosophy in the Face of Systematic Disagreement." In D. E. Machuca (ed.), Disagreement and Skepticism. New York: Routledge.

Goldman, A. I. (1976). "Discrimination and Perceptual Knowledge." Journal of Philosophy 73(20): 771–791.

Goodman, N. (1955). Fact, Fiction, and Forecast. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Greco, J. (2010). Achieving Knowledge: A Virtue-Theoretic Account of Epistemic Normativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Green, M. B., and Wikler, D. (1980). "Brain Death and Personal Identity." Philosophy & Public Affairs 9(2): 105–133.

Grice, H. P. (1975). "Logic and Conversation." In P. Cole and J. L. Morgan (eds.), Syntax and Semantics, Vol. 3: Speech Acts. New York: Academic Press, 41–58.

Griffiths, P., and Stotz, K. (2013). Genetics and Philosophy: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gutting, G. (2009). What Philosophers Know: Case Studies in Recent Analytic Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hall, N. (2000). "Causation and the Price of Transitivity." Journal of Philosophy 97(4): 198–222.

Hall, N. (2004). "Two Concepts of Causation." In J. Collins, N. Hall, and L. A. Paul (eds.), Causation and Counterfactuals. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 225–276.

Hannon, M. (2019). What's the Point of Knowledge? A Function-First Epistemology. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hart, H. L. A. (1961). The Concept of Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Hart, H. L. A. (1968). Punishment and Responsibility: Essays in the Philosophy of Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Hart, H. L. A., and Honoré, T. (1959). Causation in the Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2nd edn 1985.

Haslanger, S. (2012). Resisting Reality: Social Construction and Social Critique. New York: Oxford University Press.

Haslanger, S. (2020). "Going On, Not in the Same Way." In Burgess, Cappelen, and Plunkett (2020).

Hawthorne, J. (2004). Knowledge and Lotteries. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Hawthorne, J., and Stanley, J. (2008). "Knowledge and Action." Journal of Philosophy 105(10): 571–590.

Hirsch, E. (2011). Quantifier Variance and Realism: Essays in Metaontology. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hitchcock, C. (2001). "The Intransitivity of Causation Revealed in Equations and Graphs." Journal of Philosophy 98(6): 273–299.

Hitchcock, C., and Knobe, J. (2009). "Cause and Norm." Journal of Philosophy 106(11): 587–612.

Horwich, P. (1990). Truth. Oxford: Blackwell. 2nd edn, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.

Hume, D. (1748). An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. Ed. T. L. Beauchamp. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. Cited by section.

International Astronomical Union (2006). Resolution B5: "Definition of a Planet in the Solar System." IAU XXVI General Assembly, Prague, 24 August 2006.

James, W. (1907). Pragmatism: A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking. New York: Longmans, Green.

Kane, R. (1996). The Significance of Free Will. New York: Oxford University Press.

Kant, I. (1781/1787). Critique of Pure Reason. Trans. P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Cited by A/B pagination.

Kaplan, M. (1985). "It's Not What You Know That Counts." Journal of Philosophy 82(7): 350–363.

Kappel, K. (2010). "On Saying that Someone Knows: Themes from Craig." In A. Haddock, A. Millar, and D. Pritchard (eds.), Social Epistemology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kelly, T. (2005). "The Epistemic Significance of Disagreement." Oxford Studies in Epistemology 1: 167–196.

Kelp, C. (2011). "What's the Point of 'Knowledge' Anyway?" Episteme 8(1): 53–66.

Kim, M., and Yuan, Y. (2015). "No Cross-Cultural Differences in the Gettier Car Case Intuition: A Replication Study of Weinberg et al. 2001." Episteme 12(3): 355–361.

Knobe, J., and Fraser, B. (2008). "Causal Judgment and Moral Judgment: Two Experiments." In W. Sinnott-Armstrong (ed.), Moral Psychology, Vol. 2: The Cognitive Science of Morality. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 441–447.

Kornblith, H. (2002). Knowledge and Its Place in Nature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Kornblith, H. (2010). "Belief in the Face of Controversy." In R. Feldman and T. A. Warfield (eds.), Disagreement. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 29–52.

Korsgaard, C. M. (1989). "Personal Identity and the Unity of Agency: A Kantian Response to Parfit." Philosophy & Public Affairs 18(2): 101–132.

Kripke, S. A. (1975). "Outline of a Theory of Truth." Journal of Philosophy 72(19): 690–716.

Kripke, S. A. (1980). Naming and Necessity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Kripke, S. A. (1982). Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Laudan, L. (1977). Progress and Its Problems: Towards a Theory of Scientific Growth. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Lewis, D. (1969). Convention: A Philosophical Study. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lewis, D. (1973). "Causation." Journal of Philosophy 70(17): 556–567.

Lewis, D. (1976). "Survival and Identity." In A. O. Rorty (ed.), The Identities of Persons. Berkeley: University of California Press, 17–40.

Lewis, D. (1981). "Are We Free to Break the Laws?" Theoria 47(3): 113–121.

Lewis, D. (1983). Philosophical Papers, Volume I. New York: Oxford University Press.

Lewis, D. (1986). Philosophical Papers, Volume II. New York: Oxford University Press. Includes "Causal Explanation" and "Postscripts to 'Causation'".

Lewis, D. (2000). "Causation as Influence." Journal of Philosophy 97(4): 182–197.

Locke, J. (1690). An Essay concerning Human Understanding. Ed. P. H. Nidditch. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975. Cited by book, chapter, and section.

Lynch, M. P. (2009). Truth as One and Many. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

MacCallum, G. C. (1967). "Negative and Positive Freedom." Philosophical Review 76(3): 312–334.

Machery, E. (2017). Philosophy Within Its Proper Bounds. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Machery, E., Stich, S., Rose, D., Chatterjee, A., Karasawa, K., Struchiner, N., Sirker, S., Usui, N., and Hashimoto, T. (2017). "Gettier Across Cultures." Noûs 51(3): 645–664.

Mackie, J. L. (1974). The Cement of the Universe: A Study of Causation. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

McGrath, S. (2005). "Causation by Omission: A Dilemma." Philosophical Studies 123(1–2): 125–148.

McKenna, M. (2008). "A Hard-Line Reply to Pereboom's Four-Case Manipulation Argument." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 77(1): 142–159.

McKenna, M. (2012). Conversation and Responsibility. New York: Oxford University Press.

McTaggart, J. M. E. (1908). "The Unreality of Time." Mind 17(68): 457–474.

Mele, A. R. (2006). Free Will and Luck. New York: Oxford University Press.

Menzies, P., and Price, H. (1993). "Causation as a Secondary Quality." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 44(2): 187–203.

Mill, J. S. (1843). A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive. London: John W. Parker. Cited by book, chapter, and section.

Millikan, R. G. (1984). Language, Thought, and Other Biological Categories. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Millikan, R. G. (1989). "In Defense of Proper Functions." Philosophy of Science 56(2): 288–302.

Moore, G. E. (1912). Ethics. London: Williams & Norgate.

Moore, M. S. (2009). Causation and Responsibility: An Essay in Law, Morals, and Metaphysics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Murray, D., and Nahmias, E. (2014). "Explaining Away Incompatibilist Intuitions." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 88(2): 434–467.

Nagel, J. (2012). "Intuitions and Experiments: A Defense of the Case Method in Epistemology." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 85(3): 495–527.

Nagel, J., San Juan, V., and Mar, R. A. (2013). "Lay Denial of Knowledge for Justified True Beliefs." Cognition 129(3): 652–661.

Nagel, T. (1971). "Brain Bisection and the Unity of Consciousness." Synthese 22(3–4): 396–413.

Nagel, T. (1979). Mortal Questions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nahmias, E., Morris, S., Nadelhoffer, T., and Turner, J. (2005). "Surveying Freedom: Folk Intuitions about Free Will and Moral Responsibility." Philosophical Psychology 18(5): 561–584.

Nichols, S., and Knobe, J. (2007). "Moral Responsibility and Determinism: The Cognitive Science of Folk Intuitions." Noûs 41(4): 663–685.

Niiniluoto, I. (2014). "Scientific Progress as Increasing Verisimilitude." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 46: 73–77.

Nix v. Hedden, 149 U.S. 304 (1893).

Nozick, R. (1981). Philosophical Explanations. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Olson, E. T. (1997). The Human Animal: Personal Identity without Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press.

Parfit, D. (1971). "Personal Identity." Philosophical Review 80(1): 3–27.

Parfit, D. (1984). Reasons and Persons. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Pereboom, D. (2001). Living without Free Will. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Pereboom, D. (2014). Free Will, Agency, and Meaning in Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Plato. Republic; Theaetetus. In J. M. Cooper (ed.), Plato: Complete Works. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1997. Cited by Stephanus page.

Plunkett, D., and Sundell, T. (2013). "Disagreement and the Semantics of Normative and Evaluative Terms." Philosophers' Imprint 13(23): 1–37.

President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research (1981). Defining Death: Medical, Legal and Ethical Issues in the Determination of Death. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Pritchard, D. (2005). Epistemic Luck. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Pritchard, D. (2012). "Anti-Luck Virtue Epistemology." Journal of Philosophy 109(3): 247–279.

Putnam, H. (1962). "The Analytic and the Synthetic." In H. Feigl and G. Maxwell (eds.), Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 3. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 358–397.

Putnam, H. (1975). "The Meaning of 'Meaning'." Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science 7: 131–193.

Queloz, M. (2021). The Practical Origins of Ideas: Genealogy as Conceptual Reverse-Engineering. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Quine, W. V. (1960). Word and Object. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Quine, W. V. (1970). Philosophy of Logic. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Rawls, J. (1955). "Two Concepts of Rules." Philosophical Review 64(1): 3–32.

Rawls, J. (1971). A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Rawls, J. (1993). Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press.

Reichenbach, H. (1938). Experience and Prediction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Reid, T. (1785). Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man. Edinburgh: John Bell.

Rescher, N. (1985). The Strife of Systems: An Essay on the Grounds and Implications of Philosophical Diversity. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

Rescher, N. (2009). Aporetics: Rational Deliberation in the Face of Inconsistency. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

Ross, W. D. (1930). The Right and the Good. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Russell, B. (1903). The Principles of Mathematics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Russell, B. (1913). "On the Notion of Cause." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 13: 1–26.

Salmon, W. C. (1984). Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Sarkissian, H., Chatterjee, A., De Brigard, F., Knobe, J., Nichols, S., and Sirker, S. (2010). "Is Belief in Free Will a Cultural Universal?" Mind & Language 25(3): 346–358.

Scanlon, T. M. (2008). Moral Dimensions: Permissibility, Meaning, Blame. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Schaffer, J. (2000). "Trumping Preemption." Journal of Philosophy 97(4): 165–181.

Schaffer, J. (2005). "Contrastive Causation." Philosophical Review 114(3): 327–358.

Schaffer, J. (2009). "On What Grounds What." In D. Chalmers, D. Manley, and R. Wasserman (eds.), Metametaphysics: New Essays on the Foundations of Ontology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 347–383.

Scharp, K. (2013). Replacing Truth. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Schechtman, M. (1996). The Constitution of Selves. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Schechtman, M. (2014). Staying Alive: Personal Identity, Practical Concerns, and the Unity of a Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Searle, J. R. (1958). "Proper Names." Mind 67(266): 166–173.

Sellars, W. (1962). "Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man." In R. Colodny (ed.), Frontiers of Science and Philosophy. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 35–78.

Sextus Empiricus. Outlines of Scepticism. Trans. J. Annas and J. Barnes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Seyedsayamdost, H. (2015). "On Normativity and Epistemic Intuitions: Failure of Replication." Episteme 12(1): 95–116.

Shoemaker, D. (2011). "Attributability, Answerability, and Accountability: Toward a Wider Theory of Moral Responsibility." Ethics 121(3): 602–632.

Shoemaker, S., and Swinburne, R. (1984). Personal Identity. Oxford: Blackwell.

Sider, T. (2011). Writing the Book of the World. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Simion, M., and Kelp, C. (2020). "Conceptual Innovation, Function First." Noûs 54(4): 985–1002.

Sosa, E. (1999). "How to Defeat Opposition to Moore." Philosophical Perspectives 13: 141–153.

Sosa, E. (2007a). A Virtue Epistemology: Apt Belief and Reflective Knowledge, Volume I. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Sosa, E. (2007b). "Experimental Philosophy and Philosophical Intuition." Philosophical Studies 132(1): 99–107.

Sosa, E. (2011). Knowing Full Well. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Stanley, J. (2005). Knowledge and Practical Interests. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Stoljar, D. (2017). Philosophical Progress: In Defence of a Reasonable Optimism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Strawson, G. (1994). "The Impossibility of Moral Responsibility." Philosophical Studies 75(1–2): 5–24.

Strawson, P. F. (1952). Introduction to Logical Theory. London: Methuen.

Strawson, P. F. (1962). "Freedom and Resentment." Proceedings of the British Academy 48: 1–25.

Strawson, P. F. (1992). Analysis and Metaphysics: An Introduction to Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sundell, T. (2011). "Disagreements about Taste." Philosophical Studies 155(2): 267–288.

Tarski, A. (1944). "The Semantic Conception of Truth and the Foundations of Semantics." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 4(3): 341–376.

Thomasson, A. L. (2015). Ontology Made Easy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Thomasson, A. L. (2020). "A Pragmatic Method for Normative Conceptual Work." In Burgess, Cappelen, and Plunkett (2020).

Thomson, J. J. (1976). "Killing, Letting Die, and the Trolley Problem." Monist 59(2): 204–217.

Thomson, J. J. (1985). "The Trolley Problem." Yale Law Journal 94(6): 1395–1415.

Turing, A. M. (1936). "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem." Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society s2-42(1): 230–265.

Turri, J. (2013). "A Conspicuous Art: Putting Gettier to the Test." Philosophers' Imprint 13(10): 1–16.

Unger, P. (1975). Ignorance: A Case for Scepticism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

van Inwagen, P. (1983). An Essay on Free Will. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

van Inwagen, P. (1990). Material Beings. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

van Inwagen, P. (1996). "It Is Wrong, Everywhere, Always, and for Anyone, to Believe Anything upon Insufficient Evidence." In J. Jordan and D. Howard-Snyder (eds.), Faith, Freedom, and Rationality: Philosophy of Religion Today. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 137–153.

van Inwagen, P. (2000). "Free Will Remains a Mystery." Philosophical Perspectives 14: 1–19.

Vargas, M. (2013). Building Better Beings: A Theory of Moral Responsibility. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Waismann, F. (1945). "Verifiability." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volume 19: 119–150.

Waldron, J. (2002). "Is the Rule of Law an Essentially Contested Concept (in Florida)?" Law and Philosophy 21(2): 137–164.

Warnock, M. (chair) (1984). Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilisation and Embryology. Cmnd. 9314. London: HMSO.

Watson, G. (1996). "Two Faces of Responsibility." Philosophical Topics 24(2): 227–248.

Weinberg, J. M., Nichols, S., and Stich, S. (2001). "Normativity and Epistemic Intuitions." Philosophical Topics 29(1–2): 429–460.

Widerker, D. (1995). "Libertarianism and Frankfurt's Attack on the Principle of Alternative Possibilities." Philosophical Review 104(2): 247–261.

Williams, B. (1970). "The Self and the Future." Philosophical Review 79(2): 161–180.

Williams, B. (1985). Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy. London: Fontana.

Williams, B. (2002). Truth and Truthfulness: An Essay in Genealogy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Williamson, T. (2000). Knowledge and Its Limits. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Williamson, T. (2007). The Philosophy of Philosophy. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical Investigations. Trans. G. E. M. Anscombe. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wolf, S. (1990). Freedom within Reason. New York: Oxford University Press.

Woodward, J. (2003). Making Things Happen: A Theory of Causal Explanation. New York: Oxford University Press.

Wright, L. (1973). "Functions." Philosophical Review 82(2): 139–168.

Zagzebski, L. (1994). "The Inescapability of Gettier Problems." Philosophical Quarterly 44(174): 65–73.

Zagzebski, L. (1996). Virtues of the Mind: An Inquiry into the Nature of Virtue and the Ethical Foundations of Knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Zipf, G. K. (1949). Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort. Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.